Hướng dẫn tối ưu hóa giao dịch Solana

import { Helius } from "helius-sdk";
import {
  Keypair,
  SystemProgram,
  LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
  TransactionInstruction,
} from "@solana/web3.js";

const helius = new Helius("YOUR_API_KEY");
const fromKeypair = /* Your keypair goes here */;
const fromPubkey = fromKeypair.publicKey;
const toPubkey = /* The person we're sending 0.5 SOL to */;

const instructions: TransactionInstruction[] = [
  SystemProgram.transfer({
    fromPubkey: fromPubkey,
    toPubkey: toPubkey,
    lamports: 0.5 * LAMPORTS_PER_SOL, 
  }),
];

const transactionSignature = await helius.rpc.sendSmartTransaction(instructions, [fromKeypair]);
console.log(`Successful transfer: ${transactionSignature}`);

use helius::types::*;
use helius::Helius;
use solana_sdk::{
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::Keypair,
    system_instruction
};

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
    let api_key: &str = "YOUR_API_KEY";
    let cluster: Cluster = Cluster::MainnetBeta;
    let helius: Helius = Helius::new(api_key, cluster).unwrap();
    
    let from_keypair: Keypair = /* Your keypair goes here */;
    let from_pubkey: Pubkey = from_keypair.pubkey();
    let to_pubkey: Pubkey = /* The person we're sending 0.01 SOL to */;

    // Create a simple instruction (transfer 0.01 SOL from from_pubkey to to_pubkey)
    let transfer_amount = 100_000; // 0.01 SOL in lamports
    let instruction = system_instruction::transfer(&from_pubkey, &to_pubkey, transfer_amount);

    // Create the SmartTransactionConfig
    let config = SmartTransactionConfig {
        instructions,
        signers: vec![&from_keypair],
        send_options: RpcSendTransactionConfig {
            skip_preflight: true,
            preflight_commitment: None,
            encoding: None,
            max_retries: Some(2),
            min_context_slot: None,
        },
        lookup_tables: None,
    };

    // Send the optimized transaction
    match helius.send_smart_transaction(config).await {
        Ok(signature) => {
            println!("Transaction sent successfully: {}", signature);
        }
        Err(e) => {
            eprintln!("Failed to send transaction: {:?}", e);
        }
    }
}

// Prepare your instructions and set them to an instructions variable
// The payerKey is the public key that will be paying for this transaction
// Prepare your lookup tables and set them to a lookupTables variable
let recentBlockhash = (await this.connection.getLatestBlockhash()).blockhash;
const v0Message = new TransactionMessage({
    instructions: instructions,
    payerKey: pubKey,
    recentBlockhash: recentBlockhash,
}).compileToV0Message(lookupTables);
versionedTransaction = new VersionedTransaction(v0Message);
versionedTransaction.sign([fromKeypair]);

const testInstructions = [
    ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitLimit({ units: 1_400_000 }),
    ...instructions,
];

const testTransaction = new VersionedTransaction(
    new TransactionMessage({
        instructions: testInstructions,
        payerKey: payer,
        recentBlockhash: (await this.connection.getLatestBlockhash()).blockhash,
    }).compileToV0Message(lookupTables)
);

const rpcResponse = await this.connection.simulateTransaction(testTransaction, {
    replaceRecentBlockhash: true,
    sigVerify: false,
});

const unitsConsumed = rpcResponse.value.unitsConsumed;

let customersCU = Math.ceil(unitsConsumed * 1.1);

const computeUnitIx = ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitLimit({
    units: customersCU
});
instructions.push(computeUnitIx);

const response = await fetch(HeliusURL, {
    method: "POST",
    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
    body: JSON.stringify({
        jsonrpc: "2.0",
        id: "1",
        method: "getPriorityFeeEstimate",
        params: [
            {
                transaction: bs58.encode(versionedTransaction), // Pass the serialized transaction in
                options: { recommended: true },
            },
        ],   
    }),
});

const data = await response.json();
const priorityFeeRecommendation = data.result.priorityFeeEstimate;

const computeBudgetIx = ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitPrice({
    microLamports: priorityFeeRecommendation,
});

instructions.push(computeBudgetIx);

try {
   // Create a smart transaction
   const transaction = await this.createSmartTransaction(instructions, signers, lookupTables, sendOptions);
  
   const timeout = 60000;
   const startTime = Date.now();
   let txtSig;
  
   while (Date.now() - startTime < timeout) {
     try {
       txtSig = await this.connection.sendRawTransaction(transaction.serialize(), {
         skipPreflight: sendOptions.skipPreflight,
         ...sendOptions,
       });
  
       return await this.pollTransactionConfirmation(txtSig);
     } catch (error) {
       continue;
     }
   }
} catch (error) {
   throw new Error(`Error sending smart transaction: ${error}`);
}

async pollTransactionConfirmation(txtSig: TransactionSignature): Promise<TransactionSignature> {
    // 15 second timeout
    const timeout = 15000;
    // 5 second retry interval
    const interval = 5000;
    let elapsed = 0;

    return new Promise<TransactionSignature>((resolve, reject) => {
      const intervalId = setInterval(async () => {
        elapsed += interval;

        if (elapsed >= timeout) {
          clearInterval(intervalId);
          reject(new Error(`Transaction ${txtSig}'s confirmation timed out`));
        }

        const status = await this.connection.getSignatureStatuses([txtSig]);

        if (status?.value[0]?.confirmationStatus === "confirmed") {
          clearInterval(intervalId);
          resolve(txtSig);
        }
      }, interval);
   });
}