How to Use transactionSubscribe

What is `transactionSubscribe`?

The transactionSubscribe WebSocket method (a Helius extension to the standard Solana WebSocket API) enables real-time transaction events. To use it, provide a TransactionSubscribeFilter and optionally include TransactionSubscribeOptions for further customization. transactionSubscribe lives on the same unified wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com and wss://devnet.helius-rpc.com endpoints as the standard Solana subscription methods.

`TransactionSubscribeFilter`

vote: boolean flag to include/exclude vote-related transactions
failed: boolean flag to include/exclude transactions that failed
signature: filters updates to a specific transaction based on its signature
accountInclude: list of accounts for which you want to receive transaction updates. Only one of the accounts must be included in the transaction updates (e.g., Account 1 OR 2).
accountExclude: list of accounts you want to exclude from transaction updates
accountRequired: transactions must include all of the specified accounts to be included in updates (e.g., Account 1 AND 2)
tokenAccounts: opt-in associated token account (ATA) expansion (balanceChanged, all, or none). See Watching a wallet, including token transfers below.

You can include up to 50,000 addresses in the accountInclude, accountExclude and accountRequired arrays.

TransactionSubscribeOptions (Optional)

commitment: commitment level for fetching data (processed, confirmed, or finalized)
encoding: encoding format of the returned data (base58, base64, or jsonParsed)
transactionDetails: level of detail for the returned data (full, signatures, accounts and none)
showRewards: boolean flag indicating if reward data should be included in the updates
maxSupportedTransactionVersion: specifies the highest version of transactions you want to receive updates from. Set the value to 1 to receive legacy, v0, and v1 transactions. See Transaction v1 support.

maxSupportedTransactionVersion is required to return the accounts and full-level details of a given transaction (i.e., transactionDetails: "accounts" | "full").

In this example, we are subscribing to transactions that contain the Raydium account 675kPX9MHTjS2zt1qfr1NYHuzeLXfQM9H24wFSUt1Mp8. When a transaction occurs that contains 675k...1Mp8 account in the accountKeys of the transaction, we will receive a WSS notification. Based on the subscription options, the transaction notification will be sent at the processed commitment level,jsonParsed encoding, full transaction details, and will show rewards.

const WebSocket = require('ws');

// Create a WebSocket connection
const ws = new WebSocket('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=<API_KEY>');

// Function to send a request to the WebSocket server
function sendRequest(ws) {
    const request = {
        jsonrpc: "2.0",
        id: 420,
        method: "transactionSubscribe",
        params: [
            {
                accountInclude: ["675kPX9MHTjS2zt1qfr1NYHuzeLXfQM9H24wFSUt1Mp8"]
            },
            {
                commitment: "processed",
                encoding: "jsonParsed",
                transactionDetails: "full",
                showRewards: true,
                maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 1
            }
        ]
    };
    ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
}

// Function to send a ping to the WebSocket server
function startPing(ws) {
    setInterval(() => {
        if (ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
            ws.ping();
            console.log('Ping sent');
        }
    }, 30000); // Ping every 30 seconds
}

// Define WebSocket event handlers

ws.on('open', function open() {
    console.log('WebSocket is open');
    sendRequest(ws);  // Send a request once the WebSocket is open
    startPing(ws);    // Start sending pings
});

ws.on('message', function incoming(data) {
    const messageStr = data.toString('utf8');
    try {
        const messageObj = JSON.parse(messageStr);
        console.log('Received:', messageObj);
    } catch (e) {
        console.error('Failed to parse JSON:', e);
    }
});

ws.on('error', function error(err) {
    console.error('WebSocket error:', err);
});

ws.on('close', function close() {
    console.log('WebSocket is closed');
});

Example Notification

{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "method": "transactionNotification",
    "params": {
        "subscription": 4743323479349712,
        "result": {
            "transaction": {
                "transaction": [
                    "Ae6zfSExLsJ/E1+q0jI+3ueAtSoW+6HnuDohmuFwagUo2BU4OpkSdUKYNI1dJfMOonWvjaumf4Vv1ghn9f3Avg0BAAEDGycH0OcYRpfnPNuu0DBQxTYPWpmwHdXPjb8y2P200JgK3hGiC2JyC9qjTd2lrug7O4cvSRUVWgwohbbefNgKQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA0HcpwKokfYDDAJTaF/TWRFWm0Gz5/me17PRnnywHurMBAgIAAQwCAAAAoIYBAAAAAAA=",
                    "base64"
                ],
                "meta": {
                    "err": null,
                    "status": {
                        "Ok": null
                    },
                    "fee": 5000,
                    "preBalances": [
                        28279852264,
                        158122684,
                        1
                    ],
                    "postBalances": [
                        28279747264,
                        158222684,
                        1
                    ],
                    "innerInstructions": [],
                    "logMessages": [
                        "Program 11111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]",
                        "Program 11111111111111111111111111111111 success"
                    ],
                    "preTokenBalances": [],
                    "postTokenBalances": [],
                    "rewards": null,
                    "loadedAddresses": {
                        "writable": [],
                        "readonly": []
                    },
                    "computeUnitsConsumed": 0
                }
            },
            "signature": "5moMXe6VW7L7aQZskcAkKGQ1y19qqUT1teQKBNAAmipzdxdqVLAdG47WrsByFYNJSAGa9TByv15oygnqYvP6Hn2p",
            "slot": 224341380,
            "transactionIndex": 42
        }
    }
}

Watching a Wallet, Including Token Transfers

When you watch a wallet with accountInclude, you only match transactions where the wallet pubkey appears directly in the account keys. A common case slips through: when someone sends the wallet an SPL token (USDC, for example), the transfer touches the wallet’s associated token account (ATA), not the wallet pubkey — so a plain accountInclude: [wallet] subscription never sees it. Set the tokenAccounts field to expand matching so the watched account also matches transactions where it owns a token balance:

balanceChanged: match when the wallet owns a token balance whose amount changed (or whose token account was closed) in the transaction. Use this for “tell me when money actually moved.” This is the narrower, lower-volume, and most common choice.
all: match any transaction referencing a token balance the wallet owns, even if unchanged. Higher volume.
none: no expansion. Same as omitting the field (the default).

Matching is owner-based: it catches any token account the wallet owns, including non-canonical ones, not just the derived ATA address. An invalid value returns JSON-RPC error -32602. Subscriptions that omit tokenAccounts behave exactly as before. For a full overview of how ATA expansion works, see Token Account (ATA) Filtering over WebSocket.

const ws = new WebSocket('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=<API_KEY>');

ws.on('open', () => {
  ws.send(JSON.stringify({
    jsonrpc: '2.0',
    id: 1,
    method: 'transactionSubscribe',
    params: [
      {
        accountInclude: ['<WALLET_PUBKEY>'],
        tokenAccounts: 'balanceChanged' // also match the wallet's ATAs
      },
      { commitment: 'confirmed', encoding: 'jsonParsed', maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 1 }
    ]
  }));
  setInterval(() => ws.ping(), 30_000);
});

ws.on('message', (data) => {
  const msg = JSON.parse(data.toString());
  const result = msg.params?.result;
  if (!result) return;
  // Token balances this wallet owns that changed in the tx
  const owned = (result.transaction.meta.postTokenBalances || [])
    .filter((b) => b.owner === '<WALLET_PUBKEY>');
  console.log(result.signature, owned);
});

Monitoring new Jupiter DCAs

Jupiter DCA, or Dollar Cost Averaging, is a way to schedule recurring trades on Solana. Because these scheduled buy/sell orders are recorded on-chain, traders can use the transactionSubscribe method and getAsset to listen for new orders.

const WebSocket = require('ws');   
const bs58      = require('bs58').default;

/* ───────────────────── 1.  CONFIG ──────────────────────────── */
const API_KEY   = process.env.HELIUS_API_KEY || (() => { throw new Error('Set HELIUS_API_KEY'); })();
const HELIUS_WS  = `wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com?api-key=${API_KEY}`;
const HELIUS_RPC = `https://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=${API_KEY}`;
const DCA_PROGRAM_ID = 'DCA265Vj8a9CEuX1eb1LWRnDT7uK6q1xMipnNyatn23M';

/* ───────────────────── 2.  BINARY DECODER ──────────────────── */
function decodeOpenDcaV2(base58Data) {
  const buf = Buffer.from(bs58.decode(base58Data));
  return {
    appIdx:    buf.readBigUInt64LE(8), // Application Index
    inAmount:  buf.readBigUInt64LE(16), // Input Amount
    perCycle:  buf.readBigUInt64LE(24), // Per Cycle
    interval:  buf.readBigUInt64LE(32) // Interval
  };
}

const TOKEN_META = new Map();   // mint → { symbol, decimals }
/**
 * Fetch symbol & decimals for a mint once then cache.
 * Uses Helius getAsset DAS method: https://www.helius.dev/docs/api-reference/das/getasset
 */
async function getMeta(mint) {
  if (TOKEN_META.has(mint)) return TOKEN_META.get(mint);

  const body = {
    jsonrpc: '2.0',
    id:      'meow',
    method:  'getAsset',
    params:  { id: mint, displayOptions: { showFungible: true } }
  };

  const { result } = await fetch(HELIUS_RPC, {
    method:  'POST',
    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
    body:    JSON.stringify(body)
  }).then(r => r.json());

  const tokenInfo = result.token_info || {};
  const metadata = { symbol: tokenInfo.symbol || '?', decimals: tokenInfo.decimals ?? 0 };
  TOKEN_META.set(mint, metadata);
  return metadata;
}

/* ───────────────────── 4.  PRETTY HELPERS ──────────────────── */
function formatTimestamp(unixSeconds) {
    return new Date(Number(unixSeconds) * 1_000)
             .toISOString()
             .replace('T', ' ')
             .replace('.000Z', ' UTC');
}
function formatInterval(seconds) {
    if (seconds % 86_400 === 0) return `every ${seconds / 86_400}d`;
    if (seconds %  3_600 === 0) return `every ${seconds /  3_600}h`;
    if (seconds %     60 === 0) return `every ${seconds /     60}m`;
    return `every ${seconds}s`;
  }

  function formatAmount(raw, decimals, symbol) {
    const ui = Number(raw) / 10 ** decimals;
    return `${ui} ${symbol}`;
  }
/* ───────────────────── 5.  WEBSOCKET SETUP ─────────────────── */
const ws = new WebSocket(HELIUS_WS);

ws.on('open', () => {
  ws.send(JSON.stringify({
    jsonrpc: '2.0',
    id:      1,
    method:  'transactionSubscribe',
    params: [
      { failed: false, accountInclude: [DCA_PROGRAM_ID] },
      {
        commitment: 'confirmed',
        encoding:   'jsonParsed',
        transactionDetails: 'full',
        maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 1
      }
    ]
  }));

  setInterval(() => ws.ping(), 10_000);
});

/* ───────────────────── 6.  MAIN MESSAGE HANDLER ────────────── */
ws.on('message', async raw => {
  const payload = JSON.parse(raw);
  const result  = payload.params?.result;
  if (!result) return;

  // Look for the `OpenDcaV2` log message
  const logs = result.transaction.meta.logMessages || [];
  if (!logs.some(l => l.includes('OpenDcaV2'))) return;

  // loop through all instructions in the transaction to find the DCA instruction
  for (const ix of result.transaction.transaction.message.instructions) {
    if (ix.programId !== DCA_PROGRAM_ID) continue;

    try {
      // 1) decode binary payload
      const d = decodeOpenDcaV2(ix.data);

      // 2) fetch token symbols / decimals (cached)
      const [inMeta, outMeta] = await Promise.all([
        getMeta(ix.accounts[3]),   // input mint
        getMeta(ix.accounts[4])    // output mint
      ]);

      // 3) create a nice looking table
      console.table({
        user:        ix.accounts[2],
        pair:        `${inMeta.symbol} → ${outMeta.symbol}`,
        opened:      formatTimestamp(d.appIdx),
        'total in':  formatAmount(d.inAmount,  inMeta.decimals, inMeta.symbol),
        'per cycle': formatAmount(d.perCycle,  inMeta.decimals, inMeta.symbol),
        interval:    formatInterval(Number(d.interval))
      });
    } catch (e) {}
  }
});

ws.on('error', console.error);

ws.on('close', () => process.exit(1));

Example Notification

Terminal tables of new Jupiter DCA orders showing the user wallet, token pair, open time, total input, amount per cycle, and interval

Monitoring new pump.fun tokens

const WebSocket = require('ws');

const KEY    = process.env.HELIUS_API_KEY ?? (() => { throw new Error('Set HELIUS_API_KEY'); })();
const WS_URL = `wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com?api-key=${KEY}`;
const PUMP_FUN_PROG = '6EF8rrecthR5Dkzon8Nwu78hRvfCKubJ14M5uBEwF6P';

/* ────────── 2.  OPEN WEBSOCKET & SUBSCRIBE ──────────────────── */
const ws = new WebSocket(WS_URL);

ws.on('open', () => {
  ws.send(JSON.stringify({
    jsonrpc : '2.0',
    id      : 1,
    method  : 'transactionSubscribe',
    params  : [
      { failed:false, accountInclude:[PUMP_FUN_PROG] },
      { commitment:'confirmed', encoding:'jsonParsed',
        transactionDetails:'full', maxSupportedTransactionVersion:1 }
    ]
  }));
  // ping every 10 s so we don't get dropped
  setInterval(() => ws.ping(), 10_000);
});

/* ────────── 3.  MESSAGE HANDLER ─────────────────────────────── */
ws.on('message', raw => {
  const payload = JSON.parse(raw);
  const result  = payload.params?.result;
  if (!result) return;

  const logs = result.transaction.meta.logMessages || [];
  // filter for the pump.fun "InitializeMint2" log
  if (!logs.some(l => l.includes('Instruction: InitializeMint2'))) return;

  const sig   = result.signature;    // transaction signature
  const keys  = result.transaction.transaction.message.accountKeys
                             .map(k => k.pubkey);
  //   keys[0] → creator wallet
  //   keys[1] → the new token
  console.table({
    tx:      sig,
    creator: keys[0],
    token:   keys[1]
  });
});

ws.on('error', console.error);
ws.on('close', () => process.exit(1));  

Example Notification

Terminal tables of newly created pump.fun tokens showing the transaction signature, creator wallet, and token mint address

Managing Subscriptions

Subscription IDs

When transactionSubscribe succeeds, the server returns a subscription ID in the result field. This is the same number that appears in params.subscription on every notification from that subscription:

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": 4743323479349712,
  "id": 420
}

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "transactionNotification",
  "params": {
    "subscription": 4743323479349712,
    "result": {}
  }
}

Store the subscription ID from the response. You need it to unsubscribe.

Unsubscribing

To stop receiving notifications, call transactionUnsubscribe with the subscription ID. Each transactionSubscribe call on the same connection creates a separate subscription with its own ID, so make sure to unsubscribe before resubscribing to avoid receiving duplicate notifications.

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 421,
  "method": "transactionUnsubscribe",
  "params": [4743323479349712]
}

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "result": true,
  "id": 421
}

In this example, we subscribe to Raydium transactions, capture the subscription ID from the server’s response, then unsubscribe using that ID. A few in-flight messages may still arrive briefly after calling transactionUnsubscribe. This is expected behavior.

const WebSocket = require('ws');

const ws = new WebSocket('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=<API_KEY>');
let subscriptionId = null;

ws.on('open', () => {
    ws.send(JSON.stringify({
        jsonrpc: '2.0',
        id: 420,
        method: 'transactionSubscribe',
        params: [
            { accountInclude: ['675kPX9MHTjS2zt1qfr1NYHuzeLXfQM9H24wFSUt1Mp8'] },
            {
                commitment: 'processed',
                encoding: 'jsonParsed',
                transactionDetails: 'full',
                maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 1,
            },
        ],
    }));
    setInterval(() => ws.ping(), 30000);
});

ws.on('message', (data) => {
    const msg = JSON.parse(data.toString());

    // Capture the subscription ID from the subscribe response
    if (msg.id === 420 && msg.result !== undefined) {
        subscriptionId = msg.result;
        console.log('Subscribed, ID:', subscriptionId);
        return;
    }

    // Handle transaction notifications
    if (msg.method === 'transactionNotification') {
        console.log('Received:', msg.params.result.signature);
    }
});

function unsubscribe() {
    if (subscriptionId !== null) {
        ws.send(JSON.stringify({
            jsonrpc: '2.0',
            id: 421,
            method: 'transactionUnsubscribe',
            params: [subscriptionId],
        }));
        subscriptionId = null;
    }
}

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Other How-Tos

How to Use transactionSubscribe

What is `transactionSubscribe`?

`TransactionSubscribeFilter`

TransactionSubscribeOptions (Optional)

Example Notification

Watching a Wallet, Including Token Transfers

Monitoring new Jupiter DCAs

Example Notification

Monitoring new pump.fun tokens

Example Notification

Managing Subscriptions

Subscription IDs

Unsubscribing

​What is transactionSubscribe?

​TransactionSubscribeFilter

​TransactionSubscribeOptions (Optional)

​Transaction Subscribe Example

​Example Notification

​Watching a Wallet, Including Token Transfers

​Monitoring new Jupiter DCAs

​Example Notification

​Monitoring new pump.fun tokens

​Example Notification

​Managing Subscriptions

​Subscription IDs

​Unsubscribing

What is `transactionSubscribe`?

`TransactionSubscribeFilter`

TransactionSubscribeOptions (Optional)

Transaction Subscribe Example

Example Notification

Watching a Wallet, Including Token Transfers

Monitoring new Jupiter DCAs

Example Notification

Monitoring new pump.fun tokens

Example Notification

Managing Subscriptions

Subscription IDs

Unsubscribing