Guide de Démarrage Rapide
1
Obtenez Votre Clé API
Obtenez votre clé API Helius depuis le tableau de bord. Vous en aurez besoin pour l’authentification. Les agents peuvent obtenir une clé en utilisant le CLI Helius.
2
Choisissez Votre Réseau
Sélectionnez le point de terminaison approprié :
- Mainnet :
wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY - Mainnet (Gatekeeper Beta) :
wss://beta.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY - Devnet :
wss://devnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY
3
Créez Votre Première Connexion
const ws = new WebSocket('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY');
ws.onopen = () => {
console.log('Connected to Solana!');
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
console.log('Received:', data);
};
4
Abonnez-vous aux Mises à Jour
// Subscribe to account changes
const subscribeMessage = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "accountSubscribe",
"params": [
"ACCOUNT_ADDRESS_HERE",
{ "commitment": "confirmed" }
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(subscribeMessage));
Méthodes d’Abonnement
Surveillance des Comptes
Surveillez des comptes spécifiques pour les changements de solde, les mises à jour de données ou les transferts de propriété.const ws = new WebSocket('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY');
const subscribeToAccount = (accountAddress) => {
const request = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "accountSubscribe",
"params": [
accountAddress,
{
"encoding": "jsonParsed",
"commitment": "confirmed"
}
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.method === "accountNotification") {
console.log("Account updated:", data.params.result.value);
// Handle the account change
const accountInfo = data.params.result.value;
console.log(`New balance: ${accountInfo.lamports} lamports`);
}
};
// Subscribe to a wallet address
subscribeToAccount("9PejEmViKHgUkVFWN57cNEZnFS4Qo6SzsLj5UPAXfDTF");
const ws = new WebSocket('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY');
// Monitor a token account for balance changes
const monitorTokenAccount = (tokenAccountAddress) => {
const request = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 2,
"method": "accountSubscribe",
"params": [
tokenAccountAddress,
{
"encoding": "jsonParsed",
"commitment": "confirmed"
}
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.method === "accountNotification") {
const accountData = data.params.result.value.data;
if (accountData.program === "spl-token") {
const parsed = accountData.parsed;
console.log(`Token balance: ${parsed.info.tokenAmount.uiAmount}`);
console.log(`Owner: ${parsed.info.owner}`);
}
}
};
Surveillance des Activités de Programme
Surveillez tous les comptes détenus par un programme - idéal pour surveiller les transactions DEX, les transferts NFT, ou les activités DeFi.// Monitor Raydium AMM for all trade activity
const RAYDIUM_AMM_PROGRAM = "675kPX9MHTjS2zt1qfr1NYHuzeLXfQM9H24wFSUt1Mp8";
const subscribeToProgram = (programId) => {
const request = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 3,
"method": "programSubscribe",
"params": [
programId,
{
"encoding": "jsonParsed",
"commitment": "confirmed",
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 752 // Raydium pool account size
}
]
}
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.method === "programNotification") {
console.log("Raydium pool updated:", data.params.result.value.pubkey);
// Process the pool data change
const accountData = data.params.result.value.account;
// Parse and handle the pool state change
}
};
subscribeToProgram(RAYDIUM_AMM_PROGRAM);
// Monitor Magic Eden program for NFT activity
const MAGIC_EDEN_PROGRAM = "M2mx93ekt1fmXSVkTrUL9xVFHkmME8HTUi5Cyc5aF7K";
const subscribeToNFTActivity = () => {
const request = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 4,
"method": "programSubscribe",
"params": [
MAGIC_EDEN_PROGRAM,
{
"encoding": "base64",
"commitment": "confirmed"
}
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.method === "programNotification") {
console.log("NFT marketplace activity detected");
// Decode and process the marketplace instruction
const accountInfo = data.params.result.value;
// Handle NFT listing, purchase, or cancellation
}
};
Surveillance des Transactions
Suivez des transactions spécifiques ou surveillez les transactions mentionnant certains comptes.// Monitor a specific transaction signature
const trackTransaction = (signature) => {
const request = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 5,
"method": "signatureSubscribe",
"params": [
signature,
{
"commitment": "confirmed"
}
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.method === "signatureNotification") {
const result = data.params.result;
if (result.value.err) {
console.log("Transaction failed:", result.value.err);
} else {
console.log("Transaction confirmed successfully!");
}
// Subscription automatically ends after notification
}
};
// Track a payment or swap transaction
trackTransaction("YOUR_TRANSACTION_SIGNATURE_HERE");
// Monitor all transactions mentioning a specific address
const monitorAddress = (address) => {
const request = {
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 6,
"method": "logsSubscribe",
"params": [
{
"mentions": [address]
},
{
"commitment": "confirmed"
}
]
};
ws.send(JSON.stringify(request));
};
ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
if (data.method === "logsNotification") {
const logs = data.params.result.value.logs;
const signature = data.params.result.value.signature;
console.log(`Transaction ${signature} mentioned our address`);
console.log("Logs:", logs);
// Parse logs for specific events or errors
if (logs.some(log => log.includes("Program failed"))) {
console.log("Transaction failed!");
}
}
};
// Monitor a token mint for all activity
monitorAddress("EPjFWdd5AufqSSqeM2qN1xzybapC8G4wEGGkZwyTDt1v");
Implémentation Prête pour la Production
Voici une implémentation WebSocket robuste avec logique de reconnexion, gestion des erreurs et gestion d’état appropriée :class WebSocketManager {
constructor(endpoint) {
this.endpoint = endpoint;
this.ws = null;
this.subscriptions = new Map();
this.isConnected = false;
}
async connect() {
this.ws = new WebSocket(this.endpoint);
this.ws.onopen = () => {
console.log('Connected');
this.isConnected = true;
this.resubscribeAll();
};
this.ws.onmessage = (event) => {
const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
// Handle subscription confirmations
if (data.result && typeof data.result === 'number') {
const sub = Array.from(this.subscriptions.values())
.find(s => s.requestId === data.id);
if (sub) sub.subscriptionId = data.result;
return;
}
// Handle notifications
if (data.method?.endsWith('Notification')) {
const sub = Array.from(this.subscriptions.values())
.find(s => s.subscriptionId === data.params.subscription);
if (sub?.callback) sub.callback(data.params.result);
}
};
this.ws.onclose = () => {
console.log('Disconnected');
this.isConnected = false;
// Implement reconnection logic here
};
}
subscribe(method, params, callback) {
const requestId = Date.now();
const subscription = { requestId, method, params, callback, subscriptionId: null };
this.subscriptions.set(requestId, subscription);
if (this.isConnected) {
this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({
jsonrpc: '2.0',
id: requestId,
method,
params
}));
}
return requestId;
}
resubscribeAll() {
for (const [id, sub] of this.subscriptions) {
sub.subscriptionId = null;
this.ws.send(JSON.stringify({
jsonrpc: '2.0',
id,
method: sub.method,
params: sub.params
}));
}
}
}
// Usage
const wsManager = new WebSocketManager('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY');
await wsManager.connect();
// Subscribe to account changes
wsManager.subscribe(
'accountSubscribe',
['account-address-here', { commitment: 'confirmed' }],
(data) => console.log('Account updated:', data)
);
Explorez Plus de Méthodes WebSocket
Les exemples ci-dessus couvrent les types d’abonnement les plus couramment utilisés, mais l’API WebSocket de Solana offre de nombreuses autres méthodes pour des besoins de surveillance spécialisés.Référence Complète de l'API WebSocket
Découvrez plus de 18 méthodes WebSocket avec documentation détaillée, paramètres et formats de réponse.
Cas d’Utilisation Réels
Tableau de Bord de Trading DeFi
class LiquidityPoolMonitor {
constructor(wsManager) {
this.wsManager = wsManager;
this.pools = new Map();
}
monitorPool(poolAddress, tokenAMint, tokenBMint) {
// Monitor the pool account itself
const poolSubscription = this.wsManager.subscribe(
'accountSubscribe',
[poolAddress, { encoding: 'base64', commitment: 'confirmed' }],
(data) => this.handlePoolUpdate(poolAddress, data)
);
// Monitor token reserves
const tokenASubscription = this.wsManager.subscribe(
'accountSubscribe',
[tokenAMint, { encoding: 'jsonParsed', commitment: 'confirmed' }],
(data) => this.handleReserveUpdate(poolAddress, 'tokenA', data)
);
const tokenBSubscription = this.wsManager.subscribe(
'accountSubscribe',
[tokenBMint, { encoding: 'jsonParsed', commitment: 'confirmed' }],
(data) => this.handleReserveUpdate(poolAddress, 'tokenB', data)
);
this.pools.set(poolAddress, {
poolSubscription,
tokenASubscription,
tokenBSubscription,
lastUpdate: Date.now()
});
}
handlePoolUpdate(poolAddress, data) {
// Decode pool state and calculate price
const poolState = this.decodePoolState(data.value.data);
console.log(`Pool ${poolAddress} updated:`);
console.log(`- Price: ${poolState.price}`);
console.log(`- Liquidity: ${poolState.liquidity}`);
console.log(`- Volume 24h: ${poolState.volume24h}`);
// Emit price update event
this.emitPriceUpdate(poolAddress, poolState);
}
handleReserveUpdate(poolAddress, tokenType, data) {
const tokenAmount = data.value.data.parsed.info.tokenAmount;
console.log(`${tokenType} reserve updated: ${tokenAmount.uiAmount}`);
// Update internal state and recalculate price
this.updatePoolPrice(poolAddress, tokenType, tokenAmount);
}
decodePoolState(data) {
// Implement pool state decoding based on DEX
// This is pseudo-code - actual implementation depends on the DEX
return {
price: 0,
liquidity: 0,
volume24h: 0
};
}
emitPriceUpdate(poolAddress, poolState) {
// Emit custom events for price updates
window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('poolPriceUpdate', {
detail: { poolAddress, ...poolState }
}));
}
}
// Usage
const poolMonitor = new LiquidityPoolMonitor(wsManager);
poolMonitor.monitorPool(
'POOL_ADDRESS',
'TOKEN_A_MINT',
'TOKEN_B_MINT'
);
Suivi de Portefeuille
class PortfolioTracker {
constructor(wsManager) {
this.wsManager = wsManager;
this.watchedAddresses = new Set();
this.balances = new Map();
}
addWallet(walletAddress) {
if (this.watchedAddresses.has(walletAddress)) return;
this.watchedAddresses.add(walletAddress);
// Monitor SOL balance
const solSubscription = this.wsManager.subscribe(
'accountSubscribe',
[walletAddress, { encoding: 'jsonParsed', commitment: 'confirmed' }],
(data) => this.handleSolBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, data)
);
// Monitor all token accounts owned by this wallet
const tokenSubscription = this.wsManager.subscribe(
'programSubscribe',
[
'TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA',
{
encoding: 'jsonParsed',
commitment: 'confirmed',
filters: [
{ memcmp: { offset: 32, bytes: walletAddress } }
]
}
],
(data) => this.handleTokenBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, data)
);
console.log(`Now tracking portfolio for ${walletAddress}`);
}
handleSolBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, data) {
const lamports = data.value.lamports;
const solBalance = lamports / 1e9;
this.balances.set(`${walletAddress}:SOL`, solBalance);
console.log(`${walletAddress} SOL balance: ${solBalance}`);
this.emitBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, 'SOL', solBalance);
}
handleTokenBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, data) {
const tokenData = data.value.account.data.parsed.info;
const tokenMint = tokenData.mint;
const balance = parseFloat(tokenData.tokenAmount.uiAmount);
this.balances.set(`${walletAddress}:${tokenMint}`, balance);
console.log(`${walletAddress} token ${tokenMint} balance: ${balance}`);
this.emitBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, tokenMint, balance);
}
emitBalanceUpdate(walletAddress, asset, balance) {
window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('balanceUpdate', {
detail: { walletAddress, asset, balance, timestamp: Date.now() }
}));
}
getPortfolioValue(walletAddress) {
// Calculate total portfolio value in USD
// This would integrate with price feeds
let totalValue = 0;
for (const [key, balance] of this.balances) {
if (key.startsWith(walletAddress)) {
const asset = key.split(':')[1];
const price = this.getAssetPrice(asset); // Implement price lookup
totalValue += balance * price;
}
}
return totalValue;
}
}
Intégration de Marché NFT
class NFTActivityMonitor {
constructor(wsManager) {
this.wsManager = wsManager;
this.watchedCollections = new Map();
}
monitorCollection(collectionAddress, options = {}) {
const { includeListings = true, includeSales = true, includeCancellations = true } = options;
// Monitor the collection's update authority or creator address
const collectionSubscription = this.wsManager.subscribe(
'logsSubscribe',
[
{ mentions: [collectionAddress] },
{ commitment: 'confirmed' }
],
(data) => this.handleCollectionActivity(collectionAddress, data)
);
this.watchedCollections.set(collectionAddress, {
subscription: collectionSubscription,
options,
stats: {
listings: 0,
sales: 0,
volume: 0
}
});
console.log(`Monitoring NFT collection: ${collectionAddress}`);
}
handleCollectionActivity(collectionAddress, data) {
const logs = data.value.logs;
const signature = data.value.signature;
// Parse marketplace-specific logs
const activity = this.parseMarketplaceActivity(logs);
if (activity) {
console.log(`NFT Activity in ${collectionAddress}:`);
console.log(`- Type: ${activity.type}`);
console.log(`- Price: ${activity.price} SOL`);
console.log(`- Signature: ${signature}`);
// Update collection stats
this.updateCollectionStats(collectionAddress, activity);
// Emit activity event
this.emitNFTActivity(collectionAddress, activity, signature);
}
}
parseMarketplaceActivity(logs) {
// Parse Magic Eden, OpenSea, or other marketplace logs
for (const log of logs) {
// Magic Eden listing
if (log.includes('Instruction: List')) {
const price = this.extractPriceFromLog(log);
return { type: 'listing', price };
}
// Magic Eden sale
if (log.includes('Instruction: ExecuteSale')) {
const price = this.extractPriceFromLog(log);
return { type: 'sale', price };
}
// Listing cancellation
if (log.includes('Instruction: CancelBuy') || log.includes('Instruction: CancelSell')) {
return { type: 'cancellation', price: 0 };
}
}
return null;
}
extractPriceFromLog(log) {
// Extract price from marketplace logs - implementation depends on marketplace
// This is pseudo-code
const priceMatch = log.match(/price:\s*(\d+)/);
return priceMatch ? parseInt(priceMatch[1]) / 1e9 : 0;
}
updateCollectionStats(collectionAddress, activity) {
const collection = this.watchedCollections.get(collectionAddress);
if (!collection) return;
switch (activity.type) {
case 'listing':
collection.stats.listings++;
break;
case 'sale':
collection.stats.sales++;
collection.stats.volume += activity.price;
break;
}
}
emitNFTActivity(collectionAddress, activity, signature) {
window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('nftActivity', {
detail: {
collection: collectionAddress,
activity,
signature,
timestamp: Date.now()
}
}));
}
}
Exemple d’Intégration React
import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
function WebSocketComponent() {
const [accountData, setAccountData] = useState(null);
const [wsManager, setWsManager] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
// Initialize WebSocket
const manager = new WebSocketManager('wss://mainnet.helius-rpc.com/?api-key=YOUR_API_KEY');
manager.connect().then(() => {
// Subscribe to account changes
manager.subscribe(
'accountSubscribe',
['account-address-here', { commitment: 'confirmed' }],
(data) => setAccountData(data)
);
});
setWsManager(manager);
// Cleanup on unmount
return () => {
if (manager) manager.disconnect();
};
}, []);
return (
<div>
<h3>Account Monitor</h3>
{accountData ? (
<div>
<p>Balance: {accountData.value.lamports} lamports</p>
<p>Owner: {accountData.value.owner}</p>
</div>
) : (
<p>Waiting for account updates...</p>
)}
</div>
);
}
Optimisation des Performances
- Gestion des Connexions
- Gestion de la Mémoire
// Use connection pooling for multiple subscriptions
class WebSocketPool {
constructor(endpoint, maxConnections = 3) {
this.endpoint = endpoint;
this.connections = [];
this.maxConnections = maxConnections;
this.currentConnectionIndex = 0;
}
async getConnection() {
if (this.connections.length < this.maxConnections) {
const wsManager = new SolanaWebSocketManager(this.endpoint);
await wsManager.connect();
this.connections.push(wsManager);
return wsManager;
}
// Round-robin selection
const connection = this.connections[this.currentConnectionIndex];
this.currentConnectionIndex = (this.currentConnectionIndex + 1) % this.connections.length;
return connection;
}
}
// Implement subscription cleanup and memory management
class ManagedWebSocket extends SolanaWebSocketManager {
constructor(endpoint, options = {}) {
super(endpoint, options);
this.maxSubscriptions = options.maxSubscriptions || 100;
this.subscriptionHistory = [];
}
subscribe(method, params, callback) {
// Check subscription limit
if (this.subscriptions.size >= this.maxSubscriptions) {
this.cleanupOldSubscriptions();
}
const requestId = super.subscribe(method, params, callback);
// Track subscription for cleanup
this.subscriptionHistory.push({
requestId,
timestamp: Date.now(),
method
});
return requestId;
}
cleanupOldSubscriptions() {
// Remove oldest 10% of subscriptions
const toRemove = Math.floor(this.subscriptions.size * 0.1);
const sortedHistory = this.subscriptionHistory
.sort((a, b) => a.timestamp - b.timestamp);
for (let i = 0; i < toRemove && i < sortedHistory.length; i++) {
const sub = sortedHistory[i];
this.unsubscribe(sub.requestId);
// Remove from history
this.subscriptionHistory = this.subscriptionHistory
.filter(s => s.requestId !== sub.requestId);
}
}
}
Gestion des Erreurs et Débogage
Une gestion robuste des erreurs est cruciale pour les applications WebSocket en production. Implémentez ces modèles pour gérer les problèmes de réseau, les limites de débit, et les erreurs API avec élégance.
class ErrorHandlingWebSocket extends SolanaWebSocketManager {
constructor(endpoint, options = {}) {
super(endpoint, options);
this.errorCounts = new Map();
this.maxErrorsPerMinute = options.maxErrorsPerMinute || 10;
}
handleMessage(data) {
try {
// Handle rate limiting
if (data.error && data.error.code === 429) {
console.warn('Rate limited, backing off...');
this.handleRateLimit();
return;
}
// Handle subscription errors
if (data.error && data.error.code === -32602) {
console.error('Invalid subscription parameters:', data.error.message);
this.handleInvalidSubscription(data.id);
return;
}
// Handle network errors
if (data.error && data.error.code === -32603) {
console.error('Internal server error:', data.error.message);
this.handleServerError();
return;
}
super.handleMessage(data);
} catch (error) {
console.error('Error processing WebSocket message:', error);
this.incrementErrorCount('message_processing');
}
}
handleRateLimit() {
// Exponential backoff for rate limiting
const backoffDelay = Math.min(1000 * Math.pow(2, this.reconnectAttempts), 30000);
setTimeout(() => {
if (this.subscriptions.size > 0) {
console.log('Retrying after rate limit...');
this.resubscribeAll();
}
}, backoffDelay);
}
handleInvalidSubscription(requestId) {
// Remove invalid subscription
const subscription = Array.from(this.subscriptions.entries())
.find(([id, sub]) => sub.requestId === requestId);
if (subscription) {
console.warn(`Removing invalid subscription: ${subscription[1].method}`);
this.subscriptions.delete(subscription[0]);
}
}
handleServerError() {
// Log server error and potentially switch endpoints
this.incrementErrorCount('server_error');
if (this.getErrorCount('server_error') > 5) {
console.error('Too many server errors, consider switching endpoints');
this.eventEmitter.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('tooManyServerErrors'));
}
}
incrementErrorCount(errorType) {
const now = Date.now();
const errors = this.errorCounts.get(errorType) || [];
// Add current error
errors.push(now);
// Remove errors older than 1 minute
const oneMinuteAgo = now - 60000;
const recentErrors = errors.filter(timestamp => timestamp > oneMinuteAgo);
this.errorCounts.set(errorType, recentErrors);
// Check if we're exceeding error threshold
if (recentErrors.length > this.maxErrorsPerMinute) {
console.error(`Too many ${errorType} errors in the last minute`);
this.eventEmitter.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('errorThresholdExceeded', {
detail: { errorType, count: recentErrors.length }
}));
}
}
getErrorCount(errorType) {
const errors = this.errorCounts.get(errorType) || [];
const oneMinuteAgo = Date.now() - 60000;
return errors.filter(timestamp => timestamp > oneMinuteAgo).length;
}
}
Étapes Suivantes
Référence de l'API
Documentation complète pour toutes les méthodes d’abonnement WebSocket
Aperçu WebSocket
Explorez les abonnements WebSocket Helius y compris
transactionSubscribe et les filtres améliorés accountSubscribeLaserStream
Passez à LaserStream pour un streaming de données ultra-rapide avec lecture historique
Guide LaserStream
Apprenez à diffuser des mises à jour de compte en temps réel en utilisant LaserStream