Solanaプログラムセキュリティのためのヒッチハイク・ガイド

pub fn update_admin_settings(ctx: Context<UpdateAdminSettings>, new_settings: AdminSettings) -> Result<()> {
  ctx.accounts.config_data.settings = new_settings;
  
  Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct UpdateAdminSettings<'info> {
  #[account(mut)]
  pub config_data: Account<'info, ConfigData>,
  pub admin: Signer<'info>,
}

#[account]
pub struct ConfigData {
  admin: Pubkey,
  settings: AdminSettings
}

pub fn update_admin_settings(ctx: Context<UpdateAdminSettings>, new_settings: AdminSettings) -> Result<()> {
  if ctx.accounts.admin.key() != ctx.accounts.config_data.admin {
    return Err(ProgramError::Unauthorized);
  }  

  ctx.accounts.config_data.settings = new_settings;
  
  Ok(())
}

pub struct UpdateAdminSettings<'info> {
  #[account(
    mut,
    constraint = config_data.admin == admin.key()
  )]
  pub config_data: Account<'info, ConfigData>,
  pub admin: Signer<'info>,
}

pub fn realloc(
    &self,
    new_len: usize,
    zero_init: bool
) -> Result<(), ProgramError>

pub fn modify_todo_list(ctx: Context<ModifyTodoList>, modifications: Vec<TodoModification>) -> ProgramResult {
    // Logic to process modifications
    for modification in modifications {
        match modification {
            TodoModification::Add(entry) => {
                // Add logic
            },
            TodoModification::Remove(index) => {
                // Remove logic, potentially requiring data reallocation
            },
            TodoModification::Edit(index, new_entry) => {
                // Edit logic
            },
        }
    }

    // Reallocation logic to adjust the data size based on modifications
    let required_data_len = calculate_required_data_len(&modifications);
    ctx.accounts.todo_list_data.realloc(required_data_len, false)?;

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct ModifyTodoList<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    todo_list_data: AccountInfo<'info>,
    // Other relevant accounts
}

pub fn update_rewards(ctx: Context<UpdateStakingRewards>, amount: u64) -> Result<()> {
    let staking_seeds = &[b"stake", ctx.accounts.staker.key().as_ref(), &[ctx.accounts.staking_account.bump]];

    let cpi_accounts = UpdateRewards {
        staking_account: ctx.accounts.staking_account.to_account_info(),
    };
    let cpi_program = ctx.accounts.rewards_distribution_program.to_account_info();
    let cpi_ctx = CpiContext::new_with_signer(cpi_program, cpi_accounts, staking_seeds);

    rewards_distribution::cpi::update_rewards(cpi_ctx, amount)?;

    // Attempt to log the "updated" reward balance
    msg!("Rewards: {}", ctx.accounts.staking_account.rewards);
    
    // Logic that uses the stale ctx.accounts.staking_account.rewards

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct UpdateStakingRewards<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub staker: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(
        mut,
        seeds = [b"stake", staker.key().as_ref()],
        bump,
    )]
    pub staking_account: Account<'info, StakingAccount>,
    pub rewards_distribution_program: Program<'info, RewardsDistribution>,
}

#[account]
pub struct StakingAccount {
    pub staker: Pubkey,
    pub stake_amount: u64,
    pub rewards: u64,
    pub bump: u8,
}

pub fn update_rewards(ctx: Context<UpdateStakingRewards>, amount: u64) -> Result<()> {
    let staking_seeds = &[b"stake", ctx.accounts.staker.key().as_ref(), &[ctx.accounts.staking_account.bump]];

    let cpi_accounts = UpdateRewards {
        staking_account: ctx.accounts.staking_account.to_account_info(),
    };
    let cpi_program = ctx.accounts.rewards_distribution_program.to_account_info();
    let cpi_ctx = CpiContext::new_with_signer(cpi_program, cpi_accounts, staking_seeds);

    rewards_distribution::cpi::update_rewards(cpi_ctx, amount)?;

    // Reload the staking account to reflect the updated reward balance
    ctx.accounts.staking_account.reload()?;

    // Log the updated reward balance
    msg!("Rewards: {}", ctx.accounts.staking_account.rewards);
    
    // Logic that uses ctx.accounts.staking_account.rewards

    Ok(())
}

pub fn distribute_and_record_rewards(ctx: Context<DistributeAndRecord>, reward_amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Reward distribution logic

    let instruction = custom_ledger_program::instruction::record_transaction(
        &ctx.accounts.ledger_program.key(),
        &ctx.accounts.reward_account.key(),
        reward_amount,
    )?;

    invoke(
        &instruction,
        &[
            ctx.accounts.reward_account.clone(),
            ctx.accounts.ledger_program.clone(),
        ],
    )
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct DistributeAndRecord<'info> {
    reward_account: AccountInfo<'info>,
    ledger_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

pub fn distribute_and_record_rewards(ctx: Context<DistributeAndRecord>, reward_amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Reward distribution logic

    // Verify the ledger_program is the expected custom ledger program
    if ctx.accounts.ledger_program.key() != &custom_ledger_program::ID {
        return Err(ProgramError::IncorrectProgramId.into())
    }
    
    let instruction = custom_ledger_program::instruction::record_transaction(
        &ctx.accounts.ledger_program.key(),
        &ctx.accounts.reward_account.key(),
        reward_amount,
    )?;

    invoke(
        &instruction,
        &[
            ctx.accounts.reward_account.clone(),
            ctx.accounts.ledger_program.clone(),
        ],
    )
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct DistributeAndRecord<'info> {
    reward_account: AccountInfo<'info>,
    ledger_program: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

pub fn set_params(ctx: Context<SetParams>, /* parameters to be set */) -> Result<()> {
    require_keys_eq!(
        ctx.accounts.current_admin.key(),
        ctx.accounts.global_admin.authority,
    );

    // Logic to set parameters
}

pub fn nominate_new_authority(ctx: Context<NominateAuthority>, new_authority: Pubkey) -> Result<()> {
    let state = &mut ctx.accounts.state;
    require_keys_eq!(
        state.authority,
        ctx.accounts.current_authority.key()
    );

    state.pending_authority = Some(new_authority);
    Ok(())
}

pub fn accept_authority(ctx: Context<AcceptAuthority>) -> Result<()> {
    let state = &mut ctx.accounts.state;
    require_keys_eq!(
        Some(ctx.accounts.new_authority.key()),
        state.pending_authority
    );

    state.authority = ctx.accounts.new_authority.key();
    state.pending_authority = None;
    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct NominateAuthority<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        has_one = authority,
    )]
    pub state: Account<'info, ProgramState>,
    pub current_authority: Signer<'info>,
    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct AcceptAuthority<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        constraint = state.pending_authority == Some(new_authority.key())
    )]
    pub state: Account<'info, ProgramState>,
    pub new_authority: Signer<'info>,
}

#[account]
pub struct ProgramState {
    pub authority: Pubkey,
    pub pending_authority: Option<Pubkey>,
    // Other relevant program state fields
}

pub fn create_profile(ctx: Context<CreateProfile>, user_id: u64, attributes: Vec<u8>, bump: u8) -> Result<()> {
    // Explicitly derive the PDA using create_program_address and a user-provided bump
    let seeds: &[&[u8]] = &[b"profile", &user_id.to_le_bytes(),&[bump]];
    let (derived_address, _bump) = Pubkey::create_program_address(seeds, &ctx.program_id)?;

    if derived_address != ctx.accounts.profile.key() {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidSeeds);
    }

    let profile_pda = &mut ctx.accounts.profile;
    profile_pda.user_id = user_id;
    profile_pda.attributes = attributes;

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct CreateProfile<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub user: Signer<'info>,
    /// The profile account, expected to be a PDA derived with the user_id and a user-provided bump seed
    #[account(mut)]
    pub profile: Account<'info, UserProfile>,
    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
}

#[account]
pub struct UserProfile {
    pub user_id: u64,
    pub attributes: Vec<u8>,
}

pub fn create_profile(ctx: Context<CreateProfile>, user_id: u64, attributes: Vec<u8>) -> Result<()> {
    // Securely derive the PDA using find_program_address to ensure the canonical bump is used
    let seeds: &[&[u8]] = &[b"profile", user_id.to_le_bytes()];
    let (derived_address, bump) = Pubkey::find_program_address(seeds, &ctx.program_id);

    // Store the canonical bump in the profile for future validations
    let profile_pda = &mut ctx.accounts.profile;
    profile_pda.user_id = user_id;
    profile_pda.attributes = attributes;
    profile_pda.bump = bump;

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
#[instruction(user_id: u64)]
pub struct CreateProfile<'info> {
    #[account(
        init,
        payer = user,
        space = 8 + 1024 + 1,
        seeds = [b"profile", user_id.to_le_bytes().as_ref()],
        bump
    )]
    pub profile: Account<'info, UserProfile>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub user: Signer<'info>,
    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
}

#[account]
pub struct UserProfile {
    pub user_id: u64,
    pub attributes: Vec<u8>,
    pub bump: u8,
}

pub fn close_account(ctx: Context<CloseAccount>) -> ProgramResult {
    let account = ctx.accounts.data_account.to_account_info();
    let destination = ctx.accounts.destination.to_account_info();

    **destination.lamports.borrow_mut() = destination
        .lamports()
        .checked_add(account.lamports())
        .unwrap();
    **account.lamports.borrow_mut() = 0;
    
    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct CloseAccount<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub data_account: Account<'info, Data>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub destination: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

#[account]
pub struct Data {
    data: u64,
}

use anchor_lang::__private::CLOSED_ACCOUNT_DISCRIMINATOR;
use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use std::io::Cursor;
use std::ops::DerefMut;

// Other code

pub fn close_account(ctx: Context<CloseAccount>) -> ProgramResult {
    let account = ctx.accounts.data_account.to_account_info();
    let destination = ctx.accounts.destination.to_account_info();

    **destination.lamports.borrow_mut() = destination
        .lamports()
        .checked_add(account.lamports())
        .unwrap();
    **account.lamports.borrow_mut() = 0;

    // Zero out the account data
    let mut data = account.try_borrow_mut_data()?;
    for byte in data.deref_mut().iter_mut() {
        *byte = 0;
    }

    // Mark the account as closed
    let dst: &mut [u8] = &mut data;
    let mut cursor = Cursor::new(dst);
    cursor.write_all(&CLOSED_ACCOUNT_DISCRIMINATOR).unwrap();

    Ok(())
}

pub fn force_defund(ctx: Context<ForceDefund>) -> ProgramResult {
    let account = &ctx.accounts.account;
    let data = account.try_borrow_data()?;

    if data.len() < 8 || data[0..8] != CLOSED_ACCOUNT_DISCRIMINATOR {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAccountData);
    }

    let destination = ctx.accounts.destination.to_account_info();

    **destination.lamports.borrow_mut() = destination
        .lamports()
        .checked_add(account.lamports())
        .unwrap();
    **account.lamports.borrow_mut() = 0;

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct ForceDefund<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub account: AccountInfo<'info>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub destination: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct CloseAccount<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub data_account: Account<'info, Data>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub destination: AccountInfo<'info>,
}

#[account]
pub struct Data {
    data: u64,
}

pub fn distribute_rewards(ctx: Context<DistributeRewards>, reward_amount: u64, bonus_amount: u64) -> Result<()> {
    let reward_account = &mut ctx.accounts.reward_account;
    let bonus_reward = &mut ctx.accounts.bonus_account;

    // Intended to increment the reward and bonus accounts separately
    reward_account.balance += reward_amount;
    bonus_account.balance += bonus_amount;

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct DistributeRewards<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    reward_account: Account<'info, RewardAccount>,
    #[account(mut)]
    bonus_account: Account<'info, RewardAccount>,
}

#[account]
pub struct RewardAccount {
    pub balance: u64,
}

pub fn distribute_rewards(ctx: Context<DistributeRewards>, reward_amount: u64, bonus_amount: u64) -> Result<()> {
    if ctx.accounts.reward_account.key() == ctx.accounts.bonus_account.key() {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidArgument.into())
    }
    
    let reward_account = &mut ctx.accounts.reward_account;
    let bonus_reward = &mut ctx.accounts.bonus_account;

    // Intended to increment the reward and bonus accounts separately
    reward_account.balance += reward_amount;
    bonus_account.balance += bonus_amount;

    Ok(())
}

pub fn distribute_rewards(ctx: Context<DistributeRewards>, reward_amount: u64, bonus_amount: u64) -> Result<()> {
    let reward_account = &mut ctx.accounts.reward_account;
    let bonus_reward = &mut ctx.accounts.bonus_account;

    // Intended to increment the reward and bonus accounts separately
    reward_account.balance += reward_amount;
    bonus_account.balance += bonus_amount;

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct DistributeRewards<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        constraint = reward_account.key() != bonus_account.key()
    )]
    reward_account: Account<'info, RewardAccount>,
    #[account(mut)]
    bonus_account: Account<'info, RewardAccount>,
}

#[account]
pub struct RewardAccount {
    pub balance: u64,
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct SellProduct<'info> {
  product_listing: Account<'info, ProductListing>,
  sale_token_mint: Account<'info, Mint>,
  sale_token_destination: Account<'info, TokenAccount>,
  product_owner: Signer<'info>,
  purchaser_token_source: Account<'info, TokenAccount>,
  product: Account<info, Product>
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct PurchaseProduct<'info> {
  product_listing: Account<'info, ProductListing>,
  token_destination: Account<'info, TokenAccount>,
  token_source: Account<'info, TokenAccount>,
  buyer: Signer<'info>,
  product_account: Account<'info, Product>,
  token_mint_sale: Account<'info, Mint>,
}

#[account]
pub struct ProductListing {
  sale_price: u64,
  token_mint: Pubkey,
  destination_token_account: Pubkey,
  product_owner: Pubkey,
  product: Pubkey,
}

pub fn change_sale_price(ctx: Context<ChangeSalePrice>, new_price: u64) -> Result<()> {...}

pub fn purchase_product(ctx: Context<PurchaseProduct>, expected_price: u64) -> Result<()> {
  assert!(ctx.accounts.product_listing.sale_price <= expected_price);
  ...
}

pub fn initialize(ctx: Context<Initialize>) -> Result<()> {
  ctx.accounts.central_state.authority = authority.key();
  ...  
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct Initialize<'info> {
  authority: Signer<'info>,
  #[account(mut,
    init,
    payer = authority,
    space = CentralState::SIZE,
    seeds = [b"central_state"],
    bump
  )]
  central_state: Account<'info, CentralState>,
  ...
}

#[account]
pub struct CentralState {
  authority: Pubkey,
  ...
}

use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use crate::program::MyProgram;

declare_id!("Cum9tTyj5HwcEiAmhgaS7Bbj4UczCwsucrCkxRECzM4e");

#[program]
pub mod my_program {
    use super::*;

    pub fn set_initial_admin(
        ctx: Context<SetInitialAdmin>,
        admin_key: Pubkey
    ) -> Result<()> {
        ctx.accounts.admin_settings.admin_key = admin_key;
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn set_admin(...){...}

    pub fn set_settings(...){...}
}

#[account]
#[derive(Default, Debug)]
pub struct AdminSettings {
    admin_key: Pubkey
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct SetInitialAdmin<'info> {
    #[account(init, payer = authority, seeds = [b"admin"], bump)]
    pub admin_settings: Account<'info, AdminSettings>,
    #[account(mut)]
    pub authority: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(constraint = program.programdata_address()? == Some(program_data.key()))]
    pub program: Program<'info, MyProgram>,
    #[account(constraint = program_data.upgrade_authority_address == Some(authority.key()))]
    pub program_data: Account<'info, ProgramData>,
    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
}

pub fn calculate_reward(transaction_amount: u64, reward_multiplier: u64) -> u64 {
    transaction_amount.saturating_mul(reward_multiplier)
}

pub fn collateral_to_liquidity(&self, collateral_amount: u64) -> Result<u64, ProgramError> {
    Decimal::from(collateral_amount)
        .try_div(self.0)?
        .try_round_u64()
}

pub fn admin_token_withdraw(program_id: &Pubkey, accounts: &[AccountInfo], amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Account setup

    if config.admin != admin.pubkey() {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAdminAccount)
    }

    // Transfer funds logic
}

pub fn admin_token_withdraw(program_id: &Pubkey, accounts: &[AccountInfo], amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Account setup

    if config.admin != admin.pubkey() {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAdminAccount)
    }

    if config.owner != program_id {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidConfigAccount)
    }

    // Transfer funds logic
}

pub fn update_admin(program_id: &Pubkey, accounts &[AccountInfo]) -> ProgramResult {
    let account_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
    let config = ConfigAccount::unpack(next_account_info(account_iter)?)?;
    let admin = next_account_info(account_iter)?;
    let new_admin = next_account_info (account_iter)?;

    if admin.pubkey() != config.admin {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAdminAccount);
    }

    config.admin = new_admin.pubkey();

    Ok(())
}

pub fn update_admin(program_id: &Pubkey, accounts &[AccountInfo]) -> ProgramResult {
    let account_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
    let config = ConfigAccount::unpack(next_account_info(account_iter)?)?;
    let admin = next_account_info(account_iter)?;
    let new_admin = next_account_info (account_iter)?;

    if admin.pubkey() != config.admin {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAdminAccount);
    }

    // Add in a check for the admin's signature
    if !admin.is_signer {
        return Err(ProgramError::NotSigner);
    }

    config.admin = new_admin.pubkey();

    Ok(())
}

pub fn process_instruction(
    _program_id: & Pubkey,
    accounts: [&AccountInfo],
    _instruction_data: &[u8],
) -> ProgramResult {
    let account_info_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
    let account = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;

    let mut balance: u8 = account.data.borrow()[0];
    let tokens_to_subtract: u8 = 100;

    balance = balance - tokens_to_subtract;

    account.data.borrow_mut()[0] = balance;
    msg!("Updated balance to {}", balance);
    
    Ok(())
}

pub fn process_instruction(
    _program_id: & Pubkey,
    accounts: [&AccountInfo],
    _instruction_data: &[u8],
) -> ProgramResult {
    let account_info_iter = &mut accounts.iter();
    let account = next_account_info(account_info_iter)?;

    let mut balance: u8 = account.data.borrow()[0];
    let tokens_to_subtract: u8 = 100;

    match balance.checked_sub(tokens_to_subtract) {
        Some(new_balance) => {
            account.data.borrow_mut()[0] = new_balance;
            msg!("Updated balance to {}", new_balance);
        },
        None => {
            return Err(ProgramErrorr::InsufficientFunds);
        }
    }

    Ok(())
}

use checked_math::checked_math as cm;

cm!((x * y) + z).unwrap()

pub fn convert_token_amount(amount: u64) -> Result<u32, ProgramError> {
    u32::try_from(amount).map_err(|_| ProgramError::InvalidArgument)
}

pub fn stake_tokens(ctx: Context<StakeTokens>, amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Logic to stake tokens
    Ok(())
}

pub fn withdraw_rewards(ctx: Context<WithdrawRewards>, amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Logic to withdraw rewards
    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct StakeTokens<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        seeds = [b"staking_pool_pda"],
        bump
    )]
    staking_pool: AccountInfo<'info>,
    // Other staking-related accounts
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct WithdrawRewards<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        seeds = [b"staking_pool_pda"],
        bump
    )]
    rewards_pool: AccountInfo<'info>,
    // Other rewards withdrawal-related accounts
}

pub fn stake_tokens(ctx: Context<StakeTokens>, amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Logic to stake tokens
    Ok(())
}

pub fn withdraw_rewards(ctx: Context<WithdrawRewards>, amount: u64) -> ProgramResult {
    // Logic to withdraw rewards
    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct StakeTokens<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        seeds = [b"staking_pool", &staking_pool.key().as_ref()],
        bump
    )]
    staking_pool: AccountInfo<'info>,
    // Other staking-related accounts
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct WithdrawRewards<'info> {
    #[account(
        mut,
        seeds = [b"rewards_pool", &rewards_pool.key().as_ref()],
        bump
    )]
    rewards_pool: AccountInfo<'info>,
    // Other rewards withdrawal-related accounts
}

pub fn calculate_rewards(ctx: Context<CalculateRewards>) -> Result<()> {
    let rewards_account = &ctx.accounts.rewards_account;
    let authority = &ctx.accounts.authority;

    // Iterate over accounts passed in via ctx.remaining_accounts
    for user_pda_info in ctx.remaining_accounts.iter() {
        // logic to check user activity and calculate rewards
    }

    // Logic to distribute calculated rewards

    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct CalculateRewards<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub rewards_account: Account<'info, RewardsAccount>,
    pub authority : Signer<'info>,
}

#[account]
pub struct RewardsAccount {
    pub total_rewards: u64,
    // Other relevant fields
}

// Creating a Voting Session PDA
#[derive(Accounts)]
#[instruction(session_id: String)]
pub struct CreateVotingSession<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub organizer: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(
        init,
        payer = organizer,
        space = 8 + Product::SIZE,
        seeds = [b"session", session_id.as_bytes()],
    )]
    pub voting_session: Account<'info, VotingSession>,
    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
}

// Submitting a Vote PDA
#[derive(Accounts)]
#[instruction(session_id: String)]
pub struct SubmitVote<'info> {
    #[account(mut)]
    pub voter: Signer<'info>,
    #[account(
        init,
        payer = voter,
        space = 8 + Vote::SIZE,
        seeds = [session_id.as_bytes(), voter.key().as_ref()]
    )]
    pub vote: Account<'info, Vote>,
    pub system_program: Program<'info, System>,
}

pub fn update_admin_settings(ctx: Context<UpdateSettings>) -> ProgramResult {
    // Deserialize without checking the discriminator
    let user = User::try_from_slice(&ctx.accounts.user.data.borrow()).unwrap();

    // Sensitive update logic

    msg!("Admin settings updated by: {}", user.authority)
    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct UpdateSettings<'info> {
    user: AccountInfo<'info>
}

#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize)]
pub struct User {
    authority: Pubkey,
}

pub fn update_admin_settings(ctx: Context<UpdateSettings>) -> ProgramResult {
    let user = User::try_from_slice(&ctx.accounts.user.data.borrow()).unwrap();

    // Verify the user's discriminator
    if user.discriminant != AccountDiscriminant::Admin {
        return Err(ProgramError::InvalidAccountData.into())
    }
    
    // Sensitive update logic

    msg!("Admin settings updated by: {}", user.authority)
    Ok(())
}

#[derive(Accounts)]
pub struct UpdateSettings<'info> {
    user: AccountInfo<'info>
}

#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize)]
pub struct User {
    discriminant: AccountDiscriminant,
    authority: Pubkey,
}

#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, PartialEq)]
pub enum AccountDiscriminant {
    Admin,
    // Other account types
}